Abstract
AbstractThe effect of temperature on post‐diapause development of the apple sawfly Hoplocampa testudinea Klug was studied under controlled conditions. Survival was found to decrease at temperatures higher than 15 °C, the lethal temperature being close to 25 °C. The lower thermal threshold was 4.5 °C; the values for males and females did not differ significantly. However, different values were established for unprotected individuals, in vermiculite and in potting compost respectively. Based on the overall mean and variance of the developmental time and the overall thermal threshold a simple soil temperature driven phenology model was constructed using a time‐ varying distributed delay. The validation with independent field and semi‐field data revealed the model to be a reliable tool to predict apple sawfly phenology and hence to determine the optimal time for the installation of white sticky traps or for control measures such as insecticide treatments.
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