Abstract
Dairy cattle experience health risks during the periparturient period. The continuous overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the transition from late gestation to peak lactation leads to the development of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is usually considered the main contributor to several diseases such as retained placenta, fatty liver, ketosis, mastitis and metritis in periparturient dairy cattle. The oxidative stress is generally balanced by the naturally available antioxidant system in the body of dairy cattle. However, in some special conditions, such as the peripariparturient period, the natural antioxidant system of a body is not able to balance the ROS production. To cope with this situation, the antioxidants are supplied to the dairy cattle from external sources. Natural antioxidants such as selenium and vitamin E have been found to restore normal health by minimizing the harmful effects of excessive ROS production. The deficiencies of Se and vitamin E have been reported to be associated with various diseases in periparturient dairy cattle. Thus in the current review, we highlight the new insights into the Se and vitamin E supplementation as antioxidant agents in the health regulation of periparturient dairy cattle.
Highlights
The antioxidant system’s capacity to neutralize and remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) created during metabolic activities is normally sufficient under normal physiological conditions
From the above discussion we concluded that nutritional management might be one of the effective ways to enhance the antioxidant capacity of animal and protect them from oxidative stress
The oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation has been inhibited by MST1 which is essential for liver lipid and glucose metabolism [? ]
Summary
The antioxidant system’s capacity to neutralize and remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) created during metabolic activities is normally sufficient under normal physiological conditions. ]. Oxidative stress developed when the imbalance between ROS production and the availability of antioxidant molecules occurred, which had proven cattle to various infections [? ]. Consistently, the Se and vitamin E have been widely studied for their antioxidative properties and immune regulation and consequent role in cattle health [? ]. other studies documented the positive impact of Se and vitamin E supplementation on the antioxidant and health status improvement of dairy cattle [? The periparturient phase in high milking cows requires maximum antioxidant system efficiency, while deficiency of nutrients like selenium and vitamin E expose dairy cattle to placental retention and mastitis [? We designed the current review to highlight the consequences of oxidative stress in periparturient dairy cattle and the role of Se and vitamin E supplementation as antioxidant agents in animal health regulation
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