The Antioxidant Effect of Curcumin and Rutin on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Experimentally Induced Periodontitis in Hyperglycemic Wistar Rats.

Gilda M Iova,Gabriela Ciavoi,Adelina Popa,Olivia Marcu,Horia Calniceanu,Camelia A Szuhanek,Ioana Scrobota

doi:10.3390/molecules26051332

Abstract

Background: There is a growing interest in the correlation between antioxidants and periodontal disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of oxidative stress and the impact of two antioxidants, curcumin and rutin, respectively, in the etiopathology of experimentally induced periodontitis in diabetic rats. Methods: Fifty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups and were induced with diabetes mellitus and periodontitis: (1) (CONTROL)—control group, (2) (DPP)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis, (3) (DPC)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with curcumin (C), (4) (DPR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with rutin (R) and (5) (DPCR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with C and R. We evaluated malondialdehyde (MDA) as a biomarker of oxidative stress and reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG and catalase (CAT) as biomarkers of the antioxidant capacity in blood harvested from the animals we tested. The MDA levels and CAT activities were also evaluated in the gingival tissue. Results: The control group effect was statistically significantly different from any other groups, regardless of whether or not the treatment was applied. There was also a significant difference between the untreated group and the three treatment groups for variables MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT. There was no significant difference in the mean effect for the MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT variables in the treated groups of rats with curcumin, rutin and the combination of curcumin and rutin. Conclusions: The oral administration of curcumin and rutin, single or combined, could reduce the oxidative stress and enhance the antioxidant status in hyperglycemic periodontitis rats.

Highlights

Diabetes is described as a “serious, chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or when the body cannot use the insulin it produces effectively” [1]
The combination between curcumin and rutin (DPCR) had a more positive effect on the MDA levels compared to just rutin (DPR) and a comparable effect compared to curcumin alone (DPC)
We investigated the influence of oxidative stress and the impact of curcumin and rutin, separately and in a mixture, on the etiopathology of experimentally induced periodontitis in diabetic rats

Summary

Introduction

Diabetes is described as a “serious, chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or when the body cannot use the insulin it produces effectively” [1]. Type 1 diabetes is caused by the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells in genetically predisposed individuals and results in severe insulin deficiency requiring insulin treatment. It is typically considered a childhood and adolescence disease, but it can occur at any age [3]. There was a significant difference between the untreated group and the three treatment groups for variables MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT. There was no significant difference in the mean effect for the MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT variables in the treated groups of rats with curcumin, rutin and the combination of curcumin and rutin. Conclusions: The oral administration of curcumin and rutin, single or combined, could reduce the oxidative stress and enhance the antioxidant status in hyperglycemic periodontitis rats

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