Abstract
Background : The optimal concentration of essential oil of clove in absorption base ointment as anti-inflammatory has been studied. The developmentof formulations can be done by adding oleic acid and propylene glycol as enhancers. The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatoryactivity of the essential oil of clove in absorption base ointment formula by adding a mixture of oleic acid and propylene glycol as enhancers.Methods: In this study, the composition of oleic acid and propylene glycol was 100% oleic acid (FI), 50% oleic acid and propylene glycol (FII), and100% propylene glycol (FIII). The profile of the anti-inflammatory activity essential oil of clove was carried out using male of mice Balb/C strain whichwas induced inflammatory with croton oil on back of skin. After treatment, it was sacrificed and then was taken the back of skin to get histopathologicalpreparation. After that, the epidermal thickness, number of inflammatory cells, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression can be measured.Results : Based on the results of the test, it shows that FIII has the smallest of the amount of COX-2 expression, the number of inflammatory cells, andthe epidermal thickness so the addition of the composition enhancer provides good anti-inflammatory activity.Conclusion: The increasing concentration of propylene glycol caused the raising activity of essential oil of clove as anti-inflammatory.
Highlights
Essential oil of clove has biological activity because it contains high levels of eugenol [1] so can use as an antiseptic and analgesic in the treatment of teeth and mouth [2]
It means the activity of natrium diclofenac in Voltaren as active substance for anti-inflammatory
The mechanism of diclofenac was by inhibiting of the activity of COX-1 and COX-2 enzyme, thromboxane prostanoid receptor that influenced to release and uptake of arachidonic-acid, lipoxygenase enzyme, and activating of oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway [18,19]
Summary
Essential oil of clove has biological activity because it contains high levels of eugenol [1] so can use as an antiseptic and analgesic in the treatment of teeth and mouth [2]. Research has shown that eugenol suppresses TNF signals and COX-2 expression, which shows its potential as an anti-inflammatory agent [3,4,5]. Based on this activity, the study about the activity of essential oil of clove in formulation of cream, lotion and ointment in absorption base has been conducted [6,7,8,9,10]. The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of the essential oil of clove in absorption base ointment formula by adding a mixture of oleic acid and propylene glycol as enhancers
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