Abstract

It seems probable that α-chlorohydrin enters sperm cells, competes with glycerol (52) for glycerol kinase (23) and becomes phosphorylated, the product, α-chlorohydrin phosphate, being an inhibitor of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (57). The rate of sperm glycolysis and the concentration of ATP (54) are reduced with sperm motility declining (44, 45, 46) to such an extent that fertilization cannot be successful. In higher doses, α-chlorohydrin affects the efferent ducts and caput epididymis (60) by an unknown mechanism leading to an occlusion preventing the passage of testicular sperm to the epididymis. This action leads to prolonged or even permanent infertility. The inactivity of α-chlorohydrin in some species may be due to the inability of the compound to gain access to the sperm across an epididymal barrier (12, 32) and strain differences in susceptibility could be accounted for by degrees in the rates of metabolism and/or excretion.

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