Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that has no definitive cure till present. Currently; regenerative medicine using Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) offers promising treatment. Meanwhile, Nigella Sativa Oil (NSO) shows effectiveness for medication of various illnesses. Objective: This study compares the antidiabetic effect of MSCs vs. NSO on streptozotocin induced type 1 diabetes (T1D) in rat model. Methods: Human cord blood samples were collected. Isolated mononuclear cells were cultured and incubated to isolate MSCs. For experimental animals; after induction of T1D using multiple low dose streptozotocin (MLD-STZ), diabetic rats were divided into 6 groups (n =10); diabetic group 1 and 2 (sacrificed 15 and 30 days post-induction, consequently), NSO treated groups 1 and 2 (received daily NSO I.P. injection, sacrificed 15 and 30 days postinduction, consequently), MSCs treated groups 1 and 2 (72 hours post-induction, animals were treated with twice intravenous injection of 1×106 cells/rat, 24 hours apart, without immunosuppression, sacrificed 15 and 30 days of induction, consequently). Results: Low blood glucose levels were detected in both MSCs and NSO groups, which reached near normal levels within 15 days. This was accompanied by improvement of the histopathological changes and increase in the immunreactive insulin secreting cells, obviously detected after 30 days. Conclusion: MSCs and NSO exerts comparable antidiabetic effects on Streptozotocin induced T1D.
Highlights
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that has no definitive cure till present
Low blood glucose levels were detected in both Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and Nigella Sativa Oil (NSO) groups, which reached near normal levels within 15 days
In MSCs and NSO all the previous signs observed in diabetic group were gradually improved starting from day 9 and animals became normal at the 15th day
Summary
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that has no definitive cure till present. Currently; regenerative medicine using Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) offers promising treatment. Diabetes is one of the most recognizable endocrine metabolic disorders characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. It occurs either when the pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use insulin. Over time, it increases the risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetic nephropathy and blindness [1]. Exposure to a trigger is the first step resulting in stimulation of the immune system and initiation of autoimmune damage. This is followed by “insulitis”, an inflammatory reaction characterized by invasion of islets by mononuclear cells leading to death of β-cells [3]
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