Abstract
Growing traffic in urban areas is linked with the increasing problems of congestion and environmental degradation. In response to this there are a range of potential instruments for dealing with traffic-related issues in urban areas, one such option being road pricing. Congestion-charging schemes have been successfully implemented in many cities; however the Czech Republic does not have any experience in this field. The future impacts of ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) if implemented in Prague were obtained from transport models. The decision on the efficiency of this instrument with respect to the expected Quality of Life (QoL) has been acquired as a result of the Delphi method process.
Highlights
The frequency of the appearance of traffic congestions, and their intensity and duration in urban areas are usually tightly connected with urban economic development, employment, housing and cultural policies that make people want to live and work relatively close to each other, and attract firms to benefit from the gains in productivity derived (OECD/ECMT, 2007)
The most important example in Europe is represented by electronic road pricing scheme (ETC) installed in London, where the urban road pricing was introduced on February 17, 2003 as a brainchild of the first elected mayor of London, Ken Livingstone
Road charging is increasingly being seen as a policy option capable of dealing with the problem of congestion in urban areas
Summary
The frequency of the appearance of traffic congestions, and their intensity and duration in urban areas are usually tightly connected with urban economic development, employment, housing and cultural policies that make people want to live and work relatively close to each other, and attract firms to benefit from the gains in productivity derived (OECD/ECMT, 2007). Congestions cause traffic jams, slower speeds, and increased travel times which impose costs on the economy and generate multiple effects on urban regions and their inhabitants. It has a range of indirect impacts, including environmental (air pollution, noise) and resource ones, impact on the QoL, measured, for example, by stress and safety, as well as on non-vehicular road space users. Due to these negative impacts, ways to reduce congestion have been sought. There are long-lasting disputes among academics, especially concerning the application of the concept of marginal road pricing (Jensen-Butler, 2008)
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