The antibody rHIgM22 facilitates hippocampal remyelination and ameliorates memory deficits in the cuprizone mouse model of demyelination

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS. In addition to motor, sensory and visual deficits, MS is also characterized by hippocampal demyelination and memory impairment. We recently demonstrated that a recombinant human-derived monoclonal IgM antibody, which is designated rHIgM22 and currently in clinical development for people with MS, accelerates remyelination of the corpus callosum in the brains of cuprizone-treated mice. Here, we investigated the effects of rHIgM22 in the hippocampus and on hippocampal-dependent learning and memory in the same mouse model of cuprizone-induced demyelination and spontaneous remyelination. The degree of hippocampal myelination of cuprizone-fed mice treated with a single dose of rHIgM22 (10 mg/kg of body weight) was examined immediately after the end of the cuprizone diet as well as at different time points during the recovery period with regular food, and compared with that of cuprizone-fed animals treated with either vehicle or human IgM isotype control antibody. Mice fed only regular food were used as controls. Four or five mice per treatment group were examined for each time point. We demonstrate that treatment with rHIgM22 accelerated remyelination of the demyelinated hippocampus. Using two additional cohorts of mice and eight animals per treatment group for each cohort, we also demonstrate that the enhancing effects of rHIgM22 on hippocampal remyelination were accompanied by improved performance in the Morris water maze and amelioration of the memory deficits induced by cuprizone. These results further confirm the remyelination-promoting capabilities of rHIgM22 and support additional investigation of its therapeutic potential in MS.