Abstract
Researchers have developed novel nanocomposites that incorporate additional biomaterials with dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) in order to reduce secondary caries. The aim of this review was to summarize the current literature and assess the synergistic antibacterial and remineralizing effects that may contribute to the prevention of secondary caries. An electronic search was undertaken in MEDLINE using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane databases. The initial search identified 954 papers. After the removal of duplicates and screening the titles and abstracts, 15 articles were eligible for this review. The amalgamation of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with DMAHDM resulted in increased antibacterial potency. The addition of nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) and polyamidoamine dendrimers (PAMAM) resulted in improved remineralization potential. Further clinical studies need to be planned to explore the antibacterial and remineralizing properties of these novel composites for clinical success.
Highlights
Dental composite resins are widely used restorative materials due to their ability to conserve tooth structure during cavity preparation, aesthetics and direct-filling capabilities [1,2,3,4]
Antibacterial activity increased and Colony-forming units (CFU) decreased with increase in the mass fraction of dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM)
Regardless of the type of biomaterial combination added to the composite, all studies considered in this review reported a strong antibacterial efficacy of DMAHDM alone, with one study observing increased potency as the mass fraction increased [39]
Summary
Dental composite resins are widely used restorative materials due to their ability to conserve tooth structure during cavity preparation, aesthetics and direct-filling capabilities [1,2,3,4]. Quaternary ammonium methacrylates (QAMs), which are cationic compounds, exhibit low toxicity and a broad-spectrum antimicrobial effect [2,10,11,12]. These positively charged methacrylic monomers bind and disrupt the electrical equilibrium of the negatively charged bacterial membranes thereby causing rupture and cell death [13]
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