Abstract

The article focuses on the Cubic Air Ordinance. The Cubic Air Ordinance was a city ordinance that required 500 cubic feet of space for every person residing in a dwelling. This occurred in the late 1860s in San Francisco, California as a result of dwindling job opportunities for white workers. This ordinance created a hostile environment for Chinese immigrants. Information is provided for how Thomas Mooney and Hugh Murray, top officials with the Anti-Coolie Association, convinced a county board of supervisors to discriminate against the Chinese based on an annual health report of Chinatown.

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