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Abstract
Since the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) was originally described, it has become one of the best described hormonal systems, especially regarding the fact that it plays an important role in regulating blood volume and systemic vascular resistance, and thus indirectly influencing blood pressure (BP). On the other hand, arterial hypertension is one of the most pertinent disorders which plays an important role, not only in the progression of renal failure, but also represents a risk factor for the occurrence of end stage renal disease. Several epidemiological studies pointed out the fact that genetic predisposition accounts for about 30% of the BP variability. Up to date, there are several RAAS genes that may have effect in long-term BP control, but ACE is the most important and the most thoroughly examined. In this review, we present available data regarding the influence of gene polymorphisms of ACE on its function, within the RAAS related BP regulation. Therefore, by specially describing all its potential physiological roles, it will likely offer a new insight in the renal regulation of the BP, along with its other, not less important, roles.
Highlights
Blood pressure regulation, In this review, we present available data regarding the influence of gene polymorrennin-angiotensin-aldosterone phisms of Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) on its function, within the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) related blood pressure (BP) regulation
It is well known that kidneys have an important role in the blood pressure (BP) control
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), as a part of RAAS, is a membrane-bound, zinc-dependent peptidase that catalyses the conversion of the Angiotensin I (Ang I) to the Angiotensin II (Ang II), a potent vasopressor
Summary
It is well known that kidneys have an important role in the blood pressure (BP) control. RAAS has become one of the best described hormonal systems, especially regarding the fact that it plays an important role in regulating blood volume and systemic vascular resistance, and indirectly influencing cardiac output and BP [3, 4]. Having in mind the previously mentioned, along with the fact that ACE inhibitors are one of the most frequently used antihypertensive drugs, the importance of ACE is even greater. They are used in the management of arterial hypertension, and in the long-term management of patients with congestive heart failure and all types of nephropathies [6]. By specially describing all its potential physiological roles, it will likely offer a new insight in the renal regulation of the BP, along with its other, not less important, roles
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