Abstract
During the last twenty-five years an increasing number of publications have focussed on the watchers (often called fallen angels) and their giant offspring (sometimes associated with demons) in Jewish literature of the second temple period. It has been recognised that a number of early Jewish traditions regarded these beings as essentially evil, representative of forces that are inimical to God's original purpose for creation.' This picture is, of course, most well known through apocalyptic and wisdom literature composed prior to the Common Era, remains of some being attested among the Dead Sea Scrolls: the early Enoch traditions-so especially the Book of Watchers and Animal Apocalypse in I Enoch, and the Book of
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