Abstract

目的 通过解剖学研究,设计选择性肌皮神经肱肌支移位联合股薄肌移植术重建屈拇屈指功能术式,验证该术式在下臂丛神经损伤治疗中的安全性和有效性.方法 30侧甲醛固定的成年国人上肢标本,经逐层解剖,观察肌皮神经肱肌支的走行,测量肱肌支的长度、直径.对2例创伤性下臂丛损伤上肢功能障碍患者进行选择性肌皮神经肱肌支移位联合股薄肌移植术重建屈拇屈指功能术式.术后观察屈拇屈指功能及手握持功能恢复情况.结果 在30侧标本中,肌皮神经肱肌支分型:单支型25侧,占83.33%,粗细两支型1侧,多支型4侧,未见变异及异常发出.肌皮神经肱肌支长度平均为(52.66±6.45)mm,横径平均为(1.39±0.09)mm.肌皮神经肱肌支神经束平均为(2.83±0.46)束.2例患者术后4~6个月出现股薄肌收缩,恢复屈拇屈指功能.其中1例术后6个月屈拇屈指肌力达M4,可握持200 g物品;术后12个月可握持500 g物品,初步恢复手握持功能.结论 以肌皮神经肱肌支为缝接神经的股薄肌移植治疗下臂丛根性撕脱伤可较好地恢复屈指屈拇功能,初步重建手握持功能.肌皮神经肱肌支可作为股薄肌移植治疗下臂丛神经损伤移位神经较理想的供体。

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