Abstract
Groundwater control in underwater tunnels by drilling and blasting method is generally carried out by grouting ring, shotcrete lining (primary lining), and concrete lining. The permeable grouting ring and shotcrete lining have an important impact on seepage field. However, the currently published research models of related results are for homogeneous and isotropic single-layer unlined tunnels, ignoring the important effects of tunnel grouting circles and primary lining. If the conclusions of the relevant literature are directly used to guide the tunnel design, large errors may occur. Therefore, on the basis of previous studies, this article extends the tunnel seepage research model and incorporates the tunnel grouting ring and primary lining into the research model. The research model is more in line with actual working conditions. Based on the principle of mirror method, the seepage field of a drainage tunnel in an infinite aquifer is superposed with that of a water supply tunnel in an infinite aquifer, and the analytical solution to the seepage field of an grouted and shotcrete lined underwater tunnel in a semi-infinite aquifer is obtained, which is further verified by numerical analysis and experiment. In addition, the influence of grouting ring and primary lining parameters on seepage field is discussed by using partial differential analysis. The results show that the seepage flow of tunnel can be significantly alleviated by either reducing the permeability coefficient of grouting ring and primary lining or increasing the thickness of grouting ring and primary lining, but the water pressure of grouting ring and primary lining will increase.
Highlights
Underwater tunnels play an important role in modern traffic engineering. e well-known examples include Seikan Tunnel (1988), English Channel Tunnel (1993), and Submarine Tunnel of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (2018)
A large amount of water gushing in tunnels, on one hand, can cause serious environmental problems; on the other hand, they will cause huge drainage costs for V-shaped tunnels. e water pressure around the tunnel is related to the safety and durability of the tunnel structure. erefore, groundwater control technology is critical among many key technical problems that must be solved in underwater tunnel engineering
In specific, based on the principle of mirror method, the seepage field of a drainage tunnel in an infinite aquifer stratum and a water supply tunnel in an infinite aquifer stratum are superimposed to obtain the seepage field of an underwater tunnel in accordance with the actual working conditions. e accuracy of the theoretical solution further is verified by numerical analysis and experiments
Summary
Underwater tunnels play an important role in modern traffic engineering. e well-known examples include Seikan Tunnel (1988), English Channel Tunnel (1993), and Submarine Tunnel of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (2018). In specific, based on the principle of mirror method, the seepage field of a drainage tunnel in an infinite aquifer stratum and a water supply tunnel in an infinite aquifer stratum are superimposed to obtain the seepage field of an underwater tunnel in accordance with the actual working conditions. E structure of this paper is as follows: the first section of the text introduces the tunnel model and the principle of mirror method, the second section details the process of analytical analysis, the third section introduces the situation of numerical simulation verification, the fourth section describes the situation of experimental verification, the fifth section further discusses some important issues, and the sixth section briefly summarizes the conclusion
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