The Analysis of Transit Oriented Development (TOD) of Electric Train Stations in Bangkok and Metropolitan Region: The Case Study of Chaleom Ratchamongkon Line and Chalong Ratchadham Line

Abstract

This research studies transit oriented development (TOD) of two Metropolitan Rapid Transit (MRT) lines, Chaloem Ratchamongkon Line (Blue line) and Chalong Ratchatham line (Purple line), total 53 stations in total, in Bangkok and Nonthaburi Province. The researcher analyze four factors of built environment around mass transit station, 1) Density 2) Diversity 3) Design and Distance 4) Destination and Connectivity. For the density factors, including population density, number of points of interest (POI) and total building area to land area ratio (FAR). For the diversity factors, including the diversity of land use and number of shops around the station. For design and distance factors, including road density, number of parking spaces, Open Space Ratio (OSR). As for the factors related to destinations and connectivity, including the number of bus lines, number of entrances and exits of the train station, number of schools, Number of condominiums and number of villages. The researchers have considered the weight of each variable by using the Information entropy weight method (IEW) and calculated the transit oriented development score (TOD SCORE). From the TOD SCORE calculations of all 53 stations, the researchers find the strengths and weaknesses of each station. The average TOD score of the Purple Line stations is higher than that of the Blue Line stations. The station with the highest total TOD SCORE on the Blue Line is Tha Phra Station and the station with the highest total TOD SCORE on the Purple Line is Sai Ma Station. The station with the lowest total TOD SCORE on the Blue Line is Bang Sue Station and the station with the lowest total TOD SCORE on the Purple Line is Bang Rak Noi Tha It Station. In addition, the researchers analyzed the maximum and minimum values of TOD SCORE for each factor. and described in this research. The results of TOD SCORE analysis can analyze the strengths and weaknesses of each station and determine the development guidelines of mass transit stations in the future using a station with a high TOD SCORE as a model for development of the mass transit system in the future.