The Analysis of The Use Calcium Oxide (Anadara Granosa) and Sodium Hydroxide Catalyst Reviewed on Yield of Biodiesel

Abstract

The energy crisis in Indonesia is caused by an increase in the need for fuel oil which has increased in the replacement of fossil energy reserves. It’s the time to dependency of the petroleum by developing an alternative energy sources that can be renewable. One of the way to overcome this matter is developing the fuel production such as biodiesel which is made by waste cooking oil. The level of FFA is contained the waste cooking oil is used below 5%, namely 1.945% so that the transesterification process can be directly carried out. This research was conducted to determine the effect and the type of catalysts concentration (NaOH and CaO), ((0.5-2.5%) with 3000 ml of waste cooking oil) on the quality of biodiesel. The results of the study shows the effect and the type of catalysts concentration is affected of the quality of biodiesel is produced. The optimum point is using of NaOH catalyst with the amount of catalyst 1% w/w waste cooking oil is yield 84.65%, density 0.8540 gr/ml, viscosity 5.65 cSt, acid number 0.447 mgKOH/gr, water content 0.048%, point flame 167°C, and calorific value 9757.7096 cal/gr, these values have fulfilled the biodiesel quality standards in accordance with SNI-04-7182-2015. while the optimum point is used of CaO catalyst and the amount of catalyst is 2.5% w/w waste cooking oil is yield 58.57%, density 0.8740 gr / ml, viscosity 5.66 cSt, acid number 0.447 mgKOH / gr, water content 0.040 %, flash point 179.6°C, and heating value 9543.5214 cal/gr.