The Analysis of the Differences between On-screen Portrayals and Realistic Characters of Autism Spectrum Disorder - Take the Example of The Good Doctor in the U.S.

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a prevalent mental disease, but most people do not have enough interaction with individuals on the autism spectrum; they may learn about it through other resources like movies and television shows. Therefore, it is essential to ensure the veracity of ASD character portrayals on screen. Many previous researchers have analyzed the details of the representation of ASD in popular culture, but academic articles focusing only on a particular TV series are scarce. Thus, this research aims to analyze the differences between on-screen portrayals and realistic characters of ASD from the case study of The Good Doctor, which is popular in many countries. This study first records the specifics of ASD portrayals in this television series, then compares them to the DSM-5 criteria for ASD, determines whether these depictions can influence people's understanding, and concludes with suggestions for the depiction of ASD characters in film and TV. The results show that in The Good Doctor, ASD characters frequently tend to be highlighted savant skills and simultaneously represent the four symptoms of the second diagnostic criteria for ASD in DSM-5; besides, specific plot strands like unfortunate experiences tend to be set up. Therefore, to solve these problems, autistic characters can be included in some long-running and popular TV series to influence the public's views sustainably. More incidental ASD characters could also be encouraged to appear on screen to provide various characteristics of ASD. Besides, competent educators can also assist people in viewing these dramas in educational settings.