Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is an acute, highly contagious viral disease of pigs of all age groups, but it is manifested by particularly high mortality of newborn piglets and characterized by vomiting, diarrhea, and lack of appetite. Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) remains a problem for pig farms in many countries, including Ukraine. Specific prophylaxis PED had proven to be a difficult task and despite many studies, the problem of PED remains unresolved. Since piglets get infected during the first days after birth, their protection can only be provided by colostral antibodies of immuned sows. Therefore, the urgent task of veterinary medicine scientists is to develop effective methods of preventing the disease, which is to use local strains of the pathogen. The article presents the results of studies of colostral immunity of piglets by determining the presence of antibodies against the PED virus in the colostrum of sows who were immunized with a vaccine inactivated against PED from the intestinal virus of artificially infected suckling piglets. Infectious activity of matrix broods of the virus for the production of the preparation was determined by RT-PCR. According to the results of research, material was selected for the manufacture of the vaccine. Subsequently, the drug was monitored according to technological regulations, including the infectious activity of the virus, which ranged from 1.96×10–8 to 3.16×10–9. We conducted a comparative study of the presence of antibodies to the PED virus in the colostrum of sows in the treatment of animals by “back-feeding” and vaccination of sows with inactivated preparation. Samples of colostrum from sows were taken within 1–4 hours after farrowing. The article presents research results that allow us to conclude that both methods of treatment of sows create immunity in newborn piglets. Thus, the presence of antibodies to the PED virus in colostrum in the first hours after birth provide protection against infection and death.
Highlights
Swine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is the RNAcontaining virus that belongs to the Coronaviridae family, a subgenus of Coronavirinae, of the genus Alphacoronavirus [4]
It was carried out a comparative study of Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) antibodies prevalence in the colostrum of sows treated with standard approaches and sows immunized with inactivated vaccines against PED
The results of our research suggested that both methods of treating sow able to create protective immunity of newborn piglets
Summary
Swine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is the RNAcontaining virus that belongs to the Coronaviridae family, a subgenus of Coronavirinae, of the genus Alphacoronavirus [4]. PEDV was first found in piglets and fattening pigs in England and was identified and recognized as the causative agent of epidemic diarrhea of pigs in 1978 [9]. Since 2010, an increase of this disease outbreaks has been reported by several provinces in China, which cause significant economic losses. The reason for this situation was the new strains of the PED virus, confirmed by isolation and characterization of virus [7]. During the period of 4–8 weeks after the virus was detected in first time, the number of states with PED outbreaks increased from 6 to 12. The aim of our study was to study the status of colostral immunity of pigs by determining the presence of antibodies against the PED virus in the colostrum of sows immunized with a inactivated vaccine against PED on the basis of viral antigen obtained with infected dairy pigs [3, 5, 6]
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