Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the trend and variability of precipitation and streamflow in Kunduz River Basin which is located to north-eastern part of Afghanistan. The Mann Kendall and Sen’s Slope statistical test were applied to understand the precipitation variability for 19612010 and about one-decade recorded streamflow respectively. However, the monthly precipitation illustrated significant downward trend in spring months and upward trend in summer season, the calculated annual precipitation represented decreasing trend in the river basin. The statistical analysis of monthly and annual river flow depicted dropping values of stream discharge as well which prove the correlation of both important variables. Therefore, the calculated time series of both hydro-climate elements showed decreasing, the basin experienced drying, the decisionmakers must consider proper water resource management project to reduce the negative implication of the change and boost the temporal water resource governance as well.
Highlights
Afghanistan has predominantly dry continental climatic condition, entire the country about 80 percent of precipitation occurs as snow during winter months in areas where elevation is greater than 2,500 m above the mean sea level
The main objective of this paper is to examine the trendof precipitation and river flow regime over past period and; evaluated the variability of precipitation stream flow over Kunduz River Basin of Afghanistan
The four major stations have been selected for assessment of precipitation and river flow fluctuation in the study area
Summary
Afghanistan has predominantly dry continental climatic condition, entire the country about 80 percent of precipitation occurs as snow during winter months in areas where elevation is greater than 2,500 m above the mean sea level. The Hindukush range which is the western extension of the Himalaya mountain range, divides the country from east to west in two parts as southern and northern, from the mentioned mountain major rivers flow to north, west, south and east, creating fertile valleys along which most agricultural, food production, irrigation development, small hydropower dams and other socio-economic development issues [1,2]. The recent heavy rainfall late April 2014 caused flash flood, destroyed house, water related infrastructures, hectares of agriculture land, 10 people killed and thousands house destroyed. Later in June, another heavy rainfall caused flash flood in Baghlan province, killed over 81 people, 35 people injured, about 400 houses damaged, this flood affected irrigation infrastructures and road network in this area [5]
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