The Analysis of Technical Efficiency of Inbred and Hybrid Lowland Rice Farming Business

Kadarmanto Kadarmanto,Siti Sholikah

doi:10.24843/soca.2020.v14.i03.p01

Abstract

The background of this research was the unachieved rice productivity of hybrid lowland rice which targeted by the Director General of Crops in 2017. Hybrid lowland rice farmers were assumed did not reach the full efficiency in the use of production factors. This study aimed to explain the general description of inbred and hybrid lowland rice farming business; analyzed the factors that influence the level of business production, and analyzed the technical efficiency and the factors that influence the technical inefficiencies of the farming business. These aims can be answered by the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) method. The data used was the raw data of the Crops Cost Structure Survey 2017 in East Java Province. This province was chosen because it was the largest production contributor of rice field in Indonesia. Harvesting area, seeds and fertilizers gave a good effect to both for inbred and hybrid lowland rice production, and for hybrid rice production were also supported by labor. The technical efficiency of inbred lowland rice production was higher (81.17 percent) compared to hybrid lowland rice production (70.49 percent). The factors that affected the technical inefficiency of inbred lowland rice were gender, education, pest control, tractors usage, counseling, and the number of labor, while factors that affected to technical inefficiency of hybrid lowland rice, education, pest control, and tractors usage.

Highlights

The government has targeted food self-sufficiency as a manifestation of the seventh vision contained in the program of 2015-2019 Nawacita Kabinet Kerja
The examination result stated the decline of H0 at a significance level of 5 percent so that it can be said that with a confidence level of 95 percent there was an inefficiency effect on the production process of farming for both inbred and hybrid lowland rice in East Java
In general, inbred lowland rice production was higher than hybrid lowland rice, with the inbred and hybrid lowland rice RTUP characteristics was majority of main farmers were men with the majority of having relatively low education, it was under junior high school and most farmers had done pest control efforts

Summary

Introduction

The government has targeted food self-sufficiency as a manifestation of the seventh vision contained in the program of 2015-2019 Nawacita Kabinet Kerja. Rice as the main foodstuff for Indonesian was the target of the government to achieve selfsufficiency In relation to this matter, the Directorate General of Food Crops (2015) established a Catur Production Achievement Strategy where one of the main focuses was to increase rice productivity by using superior seeds, such as inbred and hybrids. Based on research by Krishnamurti & Biru (2019), the average seasonal productivity of hybrid lowland rice can reach 7 tons / ha or higher than the average seasonal productivity of inbred lowland rice which only reached 5.15 tons / ha. This potency has not been fully used by rice farmers. The results of the 2017 Rice Business Cost Structure survey showed that the majority of lowland rice households (86.39 percent) cultivated inbred lowland rice varieties, while only 13.61 percent of hybrid lowland rice was cultivated (Central Bureau of Statistics, 2017)

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Conclusion