The Analysis of MMP-13 Expression on Hydroxyapatite Tooth Graft Application Compared to Hydroxyapatite Xenograft

Abstract

Background: Bone graft materials are widely used to support the success of periodontal tissue treatments. Graft material has been used extensively however it has some deficiencies such as limited availability, high levels of resorption, immunological reactions and the risk of contamination as well as high costs. Therefore recent research is needed to explore potential usage of the tooth graft. Objective(s): The objective of this research is to comparing the MMP-13 expression in bone healing after grafting the incisor’s extraction sockets with hydroxyapatite tooth graft and hydroxyapatite xenograft. Research Methods: 33 adult male Cavia cobayas were divided into three groups: hydroxyapatite xenograft, hydroxyapatite tooth graft, and control (without treatment). Bone tissue sections were stained with diaminobenzidine and then dripping with anti-MMP-13 monoclonal antibody. The number of MMP-13 expression by osteoblast cells was carried out quantitatively based on the colourintensity in each group under the OLYMPUS microscope with 400x magnification. Results: The value of MMP-13 expression was higher on the tooth graft and xenograft group than the control group. The ability of osteoconduction of hydroxyapatite derived from porous hydroxyapatite structure will facilitate angiogenesis so that osteogenic cells can migrate and attach to the graft to induce the new bone growth. The tooth graft group had higher MMP-13 value than xenograft group. High solubility of graft material could affect bone remodeling and mineralization processes because of the presence of inflammatory cells is detrimental to the healing process. Conclusion: As a new graft material, tooth graft has a capability to induce osteoconductive and osteoinductive that similar with the xenograft.