Abstract
In this work, a planar phased array of circular waveguides arranged in an equilateral triangular grid is analyzed. The boundary value problem is first formulated rather generally in terms of a vector two dimensional integral equation for an array of elements that are arranged in a doubly periodic grid along two skewed (nonorthogonal) coordinates. Dielectric plugs, covers, and loading, as well as thin irises at the aperture, are accounted for in the formulation. Numerical solutions are obtained by using the Ritz-Galerkin method to solve the integral equation. Excellent agreement with experimental measurements using a waveguide simulator is observed. The existence of forced surface wave phenomena in equilateral triangular grid arrays and their strong dependence upon the mode of excitation is also demonstrated. These phenomena are shown to exist at isolated points in the scan coordinates. Reflection characteristics as well as the polarization characteristics of the radiation pattern are illustrated at selected planes of scan for both linear and circular polarization excitation.
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