THE ALTERATION OF COMPOSITION OF FATTY ACIDS AND INSULIN-BINDING ACTIVITY OF CELLS IN CONDITIONS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS UNDER EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

The parallel study of effect of experimental diabetes mellitus on the level of lipids and composition of fatty acids in blood and homogenates of liver and insulin-binding activity of cells in conditions of oxidative stress demonstrated that in rats already at early period of development of diabetes, alongside with hyperlipoproteinemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia significant alterations are marked in structure of fatty acids and homogenates of liver. These alterations are accompanied by peroxide oxidation of lipids and decreasing of activity of enzymes-antioxidants and also by decreasing of insulin-binding activity of cells. Under experimental diabetes mellitus, a significant increasing of level of saturated fatty acids, especially palmitic fatty acid results in decreasing of levels of mono-unsaturated fatty acids (at the expense of oleic fatty acid) that significantly differs corresponding specter in patients with diabetes. The increasing of concentration of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids is accompanied by decreasing of total content of fatty acid Omega-3 at the expense of alfa-linoleic fatty acid. At that, the level of fatty acid Omega-6 reliably decreases both in erythrocytes and homogenates of liver. The results of study also testify that already at early stages of development of diabetes mellitus alterations in pool of fatty acids of erythrocytes and homogenates of liver are similar (with slight differences) and in all analyzed tissues disorder of metabolism of fatty acids has an anti-sclerotic direction.