Abstract
A new method is introduced to study three-body clusters. Triangular configurations with D3h point-group symmetry are analyzed. The spectrum, transition form factors, and B(Eλ) values of 12C are investigated. It is concluded that the low-lying spectrum of 12C can be described by three alpha-particles at the vertices of an equilateral triangle, but not as a rigid structure. Large rotation–vibration interactions, Coriolis forces, and vibration–vibration interactions are needed. Other interpretations, such as the harmonic oscillator and a soft deformed oscillator with SO(6) hyperspherical symmetry, appear to be excluded by electron scattering data.
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