Abstract
This study examines the atmospheric loading of pollutants such as respirable particulate matter $(PM_1, \:PM_{2.5}, \:PM_7, \:PM_{10}, \:TSP)$ and gaseous pollutants (such as $NO_2, \:SO_2, \:VOC, \:H_2S, \:CO, \:CH_4)$ in the area arising from the Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC)-Bomu manifold explosion, fire and emissions. It also examines the meteorological conditions for the pollutants concentrations. Generally, the result obtained indicates significant concentration of noxious gases, such as $NO_2, \:SO_2, \:VOC, \:H_2S, \:CO, \:CH_4$; PM such as $PM_1, \:PM_{2.5}, \:PM_7, \:PM_{10}, \:TSP$, in the air. At the emission point, $PM10 \:(110.7 ug/m^3)$, $\:TSP \:(122.4 ug/m^3)$ and $CO \:(25.1 mg/m^3)$, exceeded the WHO acceptable standard of $50\: ug/m^3, \:100\: ug.m^3$ and $10\: mg/m^3$ respectively. The meteorological condition enhanced the gradual dispersion of pollutants during the period of study. The implications as established by this study are explosion significantly compromised the air quality of the area with deleterious health implication, this unimaginably high concentration of pollutant requires very urgent attention.
Highlights
In most part of the world, reckless operational standard by oil prospecting industries continue in a manner that undermine the increasing global concerns over environmental changes and the attendant eminent danger to human race and other living species
Measurement was done by holding the sensor to a height of about two meters in the direction of the prevailing wind and readings recorded at stability
The atmospheric condition at the period of study seemed turbid which seemed to be as a result of increased and continuous emission from the manifold
Summary
In most part of the world, reckless operational standard by oil prospecting industries continue in a manner that undermine the increasing global concerns over environmental changes and the attendant eminent danger to human race and other living species. The global demand as well as the enormous foreign earnings realized from crude oil and gas sales continue to serve as motivations to the tremendous increase in reckless oil prospecting activities in the region, with the environment paying the price due to lack of effective pollution abatement implementation programmes (Dong et al, 1995; Somhueza et al, 1999; Pande et al, 2002; Sekha, 2003) One example of such obvious case of insentivity is the 12th of April, 2009 (and thereafter) explosion of Bomu Manifold pipes in Kegbara Dere, Gokana Local Government Are of Rivers State. This study seeks to ascertain the air quality implications of the emission form the SPDCBomu manifold in K-Dere with a view to recommending appropriate remedial as well as abatement measures
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