Abstract
In this paper, two hypotheses introduce into the question whether incompleteness as an approach to designing artefacts might lead to a better involvement of the artefact's future users and act as a trigger for future innovation. The first hypothesis introduces the concept of Handlungsspielraum which focuses the definition and incompleteness of an artefact in its context. The second picks up Nassim Nicholas Taleb's concept of Antifragility, which embraces uncertainty as an integral part of any (innovation) process. The two hypotheses are illustrated by the comparison of two motorcycle manufacturers, both providing their products with a different attitude towards openness. As a conclusion, the concept of the Agile artefact is introduced. The Agile Artefact fosters an artefact's continuous mutation and improvement by embracing both hypotheses: incompleteness as trigger for innovation and the Antifragile as strategy to embrace the uncertain and overcome crises.
Highlights
Even if the idea of designing in iterative episodes is not new to innovation processes, in the design domain Participatory Design [1], Co-creation [2], Open Design [3] and the Maker movement [4] represent rather recent frameworks and have broken up former linear or author-driven approaches by incorporating iterative and collaborative design cycles into the overall process
The second hypothesis questions, whether the antifragile [6], a concept coined by philosopher Nassim Nicholas Taleb, might be transferred to design processes and whether its inclusion of the uncertain might result in a higher potential for innovation
Overall goal of this paper is to introduce the model of The Agile Artefact as an approach of how the incomplete might trigger a continuous innovation process based upon the inclusion of future participants by the proposal of the stage – a conceptual gap or space in the artefact’s design
Summary
Even if the idea of designing in iterative episodes is not new to innovation processes, in the design domain Participatory Design [1], Co-creation [2], Open Design [3] and the Maker movement [4] represent rather recent frameworks and have broken up former linear or author-driven approaches by incorporating iterative and collaborative design cycles into the overall (innovation) process. A common issue regarding most of these approaches’ outcomes and products though is that even if developed within an open and iterative framework, most of the openness ends abruptly, once the artefact is finished or the product is launched The reason of this abrupt end mostly is tied to the definition and completeness of the artefact – a state, which doesn’t allow further negotiation about an artefact’s future use, modification or improvement. Overall goal of this paper is to introduce the model of The Agile Artefact as an approach of how the incomplete might trigger a continuous innovation process based upon the inclusion of future participants by the proposal of the stage – a conceptual gap or space in the artefact’s design
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