Abstract
Following the devastating 11 September terrorist attacks on New York and Washington DC, the US and key allies are focused on how to combat al-Qaeda, the network allegedly responsible for the atrocities. There are powerful arguments to support military action against the group and its leader Osama bin Laden, but any force would have to be used extremely carefully and in pursuit of precise objectives. Caution must be exercised over other military options seemingly still being contemplated by the Bush administration – including possible strikes against military and strategic assets of countries other than Afghanistan thought to be harbouring terrorists. Given that the phenomenon of 'apocalyptic terrorism' cannot be fully eliminated through military and covert action, current efforts to improve homeland defence will have to be sustained over the long term.
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