The Advantage of CO2-Treated Dental Necks, in Comparison with a Standard Method: Results of an in Vivo Study

Abstract

Various methods are used for treatment of hypersensitive dental necks. They all aim to seal exposed dentinal tubules, which are open toward the oral cavity and transmit stimuli to the sensitive nerve endings of the tooth pulp. The main sealing materials are fluoride preparations, strontium chloride, and hydroxyapatite. However, these materials must be applied periodically to achieve permanent freedom from pain. Since the introduction of laser technology into dentistry, efforts have been made to treat dentine hypersensitivity with the laser. An in vitro study revealed that CO2 laser irradiation results in almost complete closure of the dentinal tubules in the dental neck region. In the present in vivo study, the efficacy of laser treatment was examined in 72 patients with dentine hypersensitivity and 72 control patients over a period of 12 weeks. When success was defined as complete freedom from pain, the success rate in the laser group was 94.5%; when marked pain relief was included in the definition of treatment success, 98.6% of the patients were treated successfully. Treatment of the control group with conventional dental neck fluoridation resulted in no marked improvement. Laser Doppler measurements of pulpal blood flow immediately before and after treatment revealed no effects of laser irradiation on pulpal blood flow. Dentine samples were obtained from the dental necks 6 weeks after laser treatment and examined with atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Tin was present in the samples, which suggests that the combined laser treatment and fluoridation result in permanent integration of fluoride in the dentine surface.