Abstract
Abstract The adsorption of tetramethylurea (TMU) at the mercury/water interface was studied by means of differential capacity measurements. TMU was found to take three different orientations, depending on the surface excess and the charge sign of the electrode. These orientations could not be explained simply by the orientation of the TMU dipole in the electric field or by the hydrophobic interaction between the methyl groups of TMU and the electrode, but it was explained on the basis of interactions between TMU and water molecules, and on the basis of the TMU molecules themselves in the adsorption layer and an electronic polarization effect of the nitrogen atoms in TMU. A few water-adsorption models were compared in an attempt to estimate the dipole moment of the TMU molecule at the interface.
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