Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting promises to change future lifestyle and the way we think about aging, the field of medicine, and the way clinicians treat ailing patients. In this brief review, we attempt to give a glimpse into how recent developments in 3D bioprinting are going to impact vast research ranging from complex and functional organ transplant to future toxicology studies and printed organ-like 3D spheroids. The techniques were successfully applied to reconstructed complex 3D functional tissue for implantation, application-based high-throughput (HTP) platforms for absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) profiling to understand the cellular basis of toxicity. We also provide an overview of merits/demerits of various bioprinting techniques and the physicochemical basis of bioink for tissue engineering. We briefly discuss the importance of universal bioink technology, and of time as the fourth dimension. Some examples of bioprinted tissue are shown, followed by a brief discussion on future biomedical applications.
Highlights
Human organs are highly specialized tissue structures performing particular distinctive functions.In the case of dysfunctional organs, clinical treatments are often limited by a scarcity of available donors and by immune rejection of donated tissue [1]
With the huge potential that 3D bioprinting holds, other applications apart from tissue/organ regeneration can be realized [97], for example, printing a lattice-like membrane, which can act as a biological tape
The fact that drug tests can be performed in these tissues is a very important point, because the drug development industry faces a big challenge of human trials after testing in vitro cells grown in petri dishes and preclinical tests in in vivo rodents
Summary
Human organs are highly specialized tissue structures performing particular distinctive functions. Bioink depends on inks, the methods like (f) laser-based bioprinting, or (g) extrusion-based bioprinting can be employed to print intended tissue form and function. Mannoor bioprinted tissue can be used (shown here is the maturation of bioprinted tubes composed et al. Society; Bioink formulation is taken of porcine aortic smooth from muscle cells in Chemical a perfusion bioreactor). The main components of a laser-based bioprinter are the laser source, a laser transparent print ribbon coated with a layer of cell-laden bioink, and a substrate or collector slide on a motorized. Some of the variations of this method based on the type of laser source and printing is the non-contact process This eliminates nozzle clogging and results in highlaser cell transparent print ribbon are shown in Table.
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