The Acute Effects Of Smokeless Tobacco On Central Hemodynamics

Abstract

It has been shown that one time use of smokeless tobacco (ST) in habitual and recreational users increases heart rate, peripheral blood pressures, and circulating plasma levels of epinephrine. These changes suggest there may also be alteration in central hemodynamics and cardiovascular workload. PURPOSE: This study sought to examine the acute effect of a single bout of ST on central hemodynamics. METHODS: Eight apparently healthy male subjects (age = 31.5 ± 6.4 yrs), who were recreational and/or habitual ST users were given a 2.5-gram oral dose of ST after baseline measurements were recorded. ST was held in the lower lip for 30 min while measurements were taken at 10 min intervals. After removal of the ST, measurements continued at 10 min intervals for an additional 30 min. All measurements were obtained in triplicate, non-invasively using radial artery applanation tonometry. Aortic pressure waveforms were synthesized using a generalized transfer function from high fidelity radial pressure waveforms calibrated from standard brachial artery sphygmomanometry. RESULTS:TABLECONCLUSIONS: One time use of ST results in a transient significant increase in central pressures, HR, [email protected], and WLVE. Travel time of reflected pressure waves is significantly decreased following ST administration which contributes to elevated central pressures and is reflected by the significant elevations in augmentation index, ESP, and WLVE. The changes in central hemodynamics associated with one time ST use in recreational and habitual users appears to contribute to an increase in cardiac stress.