Abstract
During the last decade interest has increased in the many neurotoxins synthesized by microorganisms, plants, snakes, scorpions, spiders, and ma rine organisms. Each toxin is valuable because of its extreme specificity of action and its high affinity for its receptor, characteristics that allow its use in the pharmacological analysis of important physiological functions. Many neurotoxins are also cardiotoxins. We here review natural substances that are toxic to cardiac cells through their interaction with ionic channels. Excluded from this discussion (re viewed in 26) are toxins that specifically act on nerve terminals to alter the storage and release of neurotransmitters such as a-Iatrotoxin, botulinum toxin, tetanus toxin, ,B-bungarotoxin, crotoxin, etc.
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