Abstract
The relationship between articulation and harmonic reinforcement among five overtone singers was mapped from analyses of acoustic signals and radiographic data, with much variation found. A dominant feature of reinforced harmonics (R.H.) is the isolation of one harmonic while attenuating its neighboring harmonics. This is achieved by laying regions of high pressure (formants) over the framework of the harmonic series. These formants are manipulated to reduce the bandwidth which boosts the selected harmonic and dampens adjacent harmonics. LPC Fourier analyses contrasting normal speech to R.H. production demonstrated that bandwidth narrowed significantly (at 3 dB down) from 150 to 20 Hz, while center bandwidth (and selected harmonic) during R.H. increased amplitude by 34 dB, and damping of adjacent harmonics decreased amplitude by 30 dB. Next, bandwidth was measured by applying an artificial larynx to two subjects who showed bandwidth narrowing from 258 to 18 Hz; center bandwidth frequency increased by 12 dB and damping of adjacent harmonics by 14 dB. Last, R.H. production was modeled using a resynthesis program to allow manipulation of formant frequencies, amplitudes, and bandwidths of normal phonation to achieve R.H., while R.H. production was manipulated to attain normallike phonation.
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