The Acceleration of Blood Plasma Clot Lysis in the Presence of Hydrated C60 Fullerene Nanostructures in Super-Small Concentration

Abstract

There are no systematic data about the influence of chemically nonmodified fullerenes on key enzymes of organism, in particular, proteases of haemostasis system. In this study we describe preliminary in vitro data indicating the essential acceleration of blood plasma clot cleavage in the presence of nanostructures of hydrated C60 fullerene (C60HyFn). The super-small concentration of C60HyFn (10−12-10−14 M) applied in the experiment was comparable to that in which hydrated fullerene exhibits marked antioxidant and neuroprotective effects in vivo. The influence of C60HyFn on the kinetics of clot lysis, induced by tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), has been explored in vitro. The incubation of t-PA samples in C60HyFn solution has increased the lysis rate 2.7 times and diminished the half-lysis time 1.6 times, compared with corresponding parameters for t-PA dissolved in distilled water. Taking in consideration that in this case C60 concentration (in mol) was by 2–4 orders less than concentration of enzymes participating in fibrinolysis, it has been concluded that biological activity of super-small C60HyFn concentrations (doses) was not directly related to the biological properties of C60 fullerene molecule itself but was mediated by specific and ordered water structures which C60 molecule organizes round itself. Also, we have suggested that the activation of fibrinolysis may occur due to the stabilization/protection of active conformation of protease molecules in the presence of specific water structures ordered by C60HyFn. Applications of hydrated fullerenes can be a perspective approach for both usage of thrombolytic enzymes and for design of novel anticoagulants.