The absolute bioavailability of clodronate from two different oral doses

Abstract

Clodronate (disodium clodronate tetrahydrate) is a bisphosphonate used in the treatment of hypercalcemia and osteolysis due to malignancy. Like all bisphosphonates, clodronate has low and variable oral bioavailability. The purpose of this study was to examine the absolute bioavailability of clodronate from two different oral doses. Thirty-one healthy young volunteers participated in this open, randomized, three-period, single-dose, cross-over study. The absolute bioavailability was calculated from the area under the serum clodronate-time curve in 48 h (AUC 0–48h) after administration of 800 or 1600 mg (Bonefos 400 mg capsules) of oral clodronate, or 30 mg (Bonefos 60 mg/mL infusion concentrate) of intravenous clodronate. The maximum concentration of clodronate in serum ( C max), the time to maximum concentration ( t max), the elimination half-life ( t 1/2), and the cumulative amount of clodronate excreted into urine in 48 h (Ae 0–48h) were also determined. The geometric mean of the absolute bioavailability of 800 mg of clodronate was 1.9% and that of 1600 mg 2.1%. The difference in the absolute bioavailability of these two doses was statistically nonsignificant. All treatments were well tolerated, and the AE profiles were similar in the different treatment groups. There were no serious adverse events during the study.