The abnormalities of carbohydrate metabolism in Turner syndrome: analysis of risk factors associated with impaired glucose tolerance

Abstract

An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in 103 patients with Turner syndrome (TS) who had normal fasting and postprandial glucose levels. The plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide and proinsulin levels were measured every 30 min during the test. Using a homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) and a quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), the insulin resistance in TS patients was investigated. Diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were newly diagnosed in two and 18 patients respectively. There was a significant increase in mean plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide and proinsulin response during an OGTT in the IGT group in contrast to the normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group ( P < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) in the IGT group in contrast to the NGT group ( P < 0.05). The fasting insulin and triglyceride levels strongly predicted the 2 h glucose level during the OGTT ( P < 0.05). The oral glucose tolerance test is superior to the fasting and postprandial plasma glucose test for the early detection of abnormalities of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with Turner syndrome.