Abstract
Short and effective tools for measuring depression, anxiety and their resulting impairments are lacking in the Czech language. The abbreviated versions of the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) and the Overall Depression Severity and Impairment Scale (ODSIS) show very good psychometric properties in English and other languages, and can be used in different settings for research or clinical purposes. The aim of this study was the psychometric evaluation and validation of the Czech versions of the abbreviated forms of both tools in the general population. A nationally representative sample of 2912 participants (age = 48.88, SD = 15.56; 55% female) was used. The non-parametric testing of the differences between sociodemographic groups revealed a higher level of anxiety and depression in students, females and religious respondents. Confirmatory Factor Analysis suggested a good fit for the unidimensional model of the OASIS: x2(4) = 38.28; p < 0.001; TLI = 0.999; CFI = 0.997; RMSEA = 0.078; SRMR = 0.027 and the ODSIS: x2(4) = 36.54; p < 0.001; TLI = 0.999; CFI = 0.999; RMSEA = 0.076; SRMR = 0.021 with the data. Both scales had an excellent internal consistency (OASIS: Cronbach’s alpha = 0.95, McDonald’s omega = 0.95 and ODSIS: Cronbach’s alpha = 0.95, McDonald’s omega = 0.95). A clinical cut-off of 15 was identified for the OASIS and a cut-off of 12 for the ODSIS. The study showed good validity for both scales. The Czech versions of the abbreviated OASIS and ODSIS were short and valid instruments for measuring anxiety and depression.
Highlights
As a result of this adaptation, the model fit significantly improved with x2 (4) = 19.01, p < 0.001, Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.999, Tucker–Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.999, SRMR = 0.021, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.062, 90%CI
The intraclass correlations based on a two-way random effects model revealed that the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS): r = 0.83, 95%CI (0.17–0.96), p = 0.014 and the Overall Depression Severity and Impairment Scale (ODSIS): r = 0.85, 95%CI (0.29–0.97), p = 0.008 scores were relatively stable after one week
These results suggest that these higher levels of anxiety and depression might be related to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and may be linked to uncertainty regarding the current and future situation
Summary
Mood disorders and anxiety play an increasingly significant role in the mental health of the general population. Mass traumatic events, such as natural disasters or pandemics, both of which we are witnessing on an unprecedented level, threaten and influence many individuals’ mental health and satisfaction of basic human needs and goals [1,2,3]. According to the World Health Organization [4], in 2015 the proportion of the worldwide population affected by depression amounted to 4.4%. In the Czech Republic, the level of depression was estimated to be even higher, at 5.8%, and the level of anxiety was the same as that of the worldwide population. A systematic review by Xiong et al [5] found
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