Abstract
Breast implantation either for cosmetic or reconstructive e purposes is one of the most common procedures performed in plastic surgery. Biofilm infection is hypothesised to be involved in the development of both capsular contracture and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Capsular contracture is one of the principal reasons for breast revision surgery and is characterised by the tightening and hardening of the capsule surrounding the implant, and ALCL is an indolent lymphoma found only in women with textured implants. We describe the types of breast implants available with regard to their surface characteristics of surface area and roughness and how this might contribute to capsular contracture and/or biofilm formation. The pathogenesis of capsular contracture is thought to be due to biofilm formation on the implant, which results in on-going inflammation. We describe the current research into breast implant associated ALCL and how implant properties may affect its pathogenesis, with ALCL only occurring in women with textured implants.
Highlights
Either for cosmetic or reconstructive purposes, is one of the most common procedures performed in plastic surgery
Basic designed silicone breast implants were first introduced in the early 1960s [2]
In 2011, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) identified a possible association between textured breast implants and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) [67], a rare T- or null-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma first described by
Summary
Either for cosmetic or reconstructive purposes, is one of the most common procedures performed in plastic surgery. 280,000 women had breast enlargement surgery and an estimated 106,000 breast cancer patients underwent post-mastectomy breast reconstruction, which often involved insertion of implantable medical devices [1]
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