The 30-s chair stand test can be a useful tool for screening sarcopenia in elderly Japanese participants

Shuji Sawada,Toshiharu Natsume,Ken Kimura,Takashi Nakagata,Nobuhiro Sato,Hisashi Naito,Yoshihiko Ishihara,Hayao Ozaki,Pengyu Deng,Shuichi Machida,Tomoharu Kitada,Toshinori Yoshihara,Takuya Osawa

doi:10.1186/s12891-021-04524-x

Abstract

BackgroundLow muscle strength has been focused on as an essential characteristic of sarcopenia, and the 30-s chair stand test (CS-30) could be a particularly useful test for assessing muscle strength. While it is speculated to be a beneficial tool for the assessment of sarcopenia, this remains to be verified. In this study, we examined the reliability and optimal diagnostic score of the CS-30 for assessing sarcopenia in elderly Japanese participants.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 678 participants (443 females and 235 males) who underwent the test for sarcopenia as per the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019, the CS-30 test, and the isometric knee-extension muscle strength test. ROC analysis was used to estimate the optimal CS-30 scores at which sarcopenia was detected.ResultsCS-30 scores were positively associated with sarcopenia (OR: 0.88; 95% CI:0.82–0.93). The AUC of the CS-30 for sarcopenia definition were 0.84 (p < 0.001) for females and 0.80 (p < 0.001) for males. The optimal number of stands in the CS-30 that predicted sarcopenia was 15 for females (sensitivity, 76.4%; specificity, 76.8%) and 17 for males (sensitivity, 75.0%; specificity, 71.7%).ConclusionsThe CS-30 was found to be a reliable test for sarcopenia screening in the elderly Japanese population.

Highlights

Low muscle strength has been focused on as an essential characteristic of sarcopenia, and the 30-s chair stand test (CS-30) could be a useful test for assessing muscle strength
Sawada et al BMC Musculoskelet Disord (2021) 22:639. Both groups revised their definitions. In these new definitions (EWGSOP2 and Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019), low muscle strength was focused on as an essential characteristic of sarcopenia, and the chair stand test was indicated as an effective test for assessing muscle strength or physical performance [7, 8]
The recommended AWGS 2019 diagnostic time is ≥ 12 s. These cut-off times were derived from previous studies that reported on the association of the 5STS and physical performance [10, 11]

Summary

Introduction

Low muscle strength has been focused on as an essential characteristic of sarcopenia, and the 30-s chair stand test (CS-30) could be a useful test for assessing muscle strength. In these new definitions (EWGSOP2 and AWGS 2019), low muscle strength was focused on as an essential characteristic of sarcopenia, and the chair stand test was indicated as an effective test for assessing muscle strength or physical performance [7, 8]. It was reported that the five-times sit-to-stand test (5STS) could be utilized as a simple and valuable tool in sarcopenia screening [9]. In this test, a subject is asked to sit and stand repeatedly for five times as quickly as possible. These cut-off times were derived from previous studies that reported on the association of the 5STS and physical performance [10, 11]

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