The 12 July 1995 Pinellas County, Florida, Tornado/Waterspout

Abstract

Abstract On 12 July 1995, a tornado developed over south St. Petersburg, Florida, producing F1 damage and injuring one person before moving offshore. The tornado/waterspout was within 25 km of the Ruskin Florida WSR-88D, which provided detailed radar data. The preconvective environment was characterized by large CAPE and weak to moderate vertical wind shear, due in part to a weak upper-level cold core trough. The tornado parent cell developed rapidly in response to surface mesoscale boundary interactions. This cell was relatively short lived and nonsteady and, thus, classified as multicellular. Available data suggest that tornadogenesis occurred due to vertical stretching of preexisting vertical vorticity associated with one of the foregoing boundaries. Evidence suggests that the stretching was due to both storm updraft and convergence associated with storm downdraft. The parent cell contained a midlevel mesocyclone and mesoanticyclone pair, consistent with the proximity hodograph. This vortex pair and th...