Abstract

A general historical essay on studies related to the discovery of X-ray diffraction, beginning with the first works by W.C. Roentgen, W. Friedrich, P. Knipping, and M. Laue, is presented. The coming of age of X-ray diffraction as an efficient tool for determining crystal structure is considered. The pioneering studies by W.G. Bragg, W.L. Bragg, Yu.V. Wulf, and E.C. Fedorov are briefly reviewed. The contribution of the Russian scientific school to the development of X-ray studies is indicated. The modern state and the directions of development of X-ray physics are discussed.

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