Abstract
The detrimental influence of air pollution on mortality has been established in a series of studies. The majority of them were conducted in large, highly polluted cities—there is a lack of studies from small, relatively clean regions. The aim was to analyze the short-term impact of particulate matters (PMs) on mortality in north-eastern Poland. Time-stratified case-crossover design was performed for mortality in years 2008–2017. Daily concentrations of PM2.5 (28.4 µg/m3, interquartile range (IQR) = 25.2) vs. (12.6 µg/m3, IQR = 9.0) and PM10 (29.0 µg/m3, IQR = 18.0) vs. (21.7 µg/m3, IQR = 14.5) were higher in Łomża than Suwałki (p < 0.001). Impact of PM2.5 on mortality was recorded in Łomża (odds ratio (OR) for IQR increase 1.061, 1.017–1.105, p = 0.06, lag 0) and Suwałki (OR for IQR increase 1.044, 1.001–1.089, p = 0.004, lag 0). PM10 had an impact on mortality in Łomża (OR for IQR increase 1.028, 1.000–1.058, p = 0.049, lag 1). Cardiovascular mortality was affected by increase of PM2.5 in Łomża (1.086, 1.020–1.156, p = 0.01) and Suwałki (1.085, 1.005–1.171, p = 0.04). PM2.5 had an influence on respiratory mortality in Łomża (1.163, 1.021–1.380, p = 0.03, lag 1). In the whole studied region, despite differences in the air quality, the influence of PMs on mortality was observed.
Highlights
The detrimental influence of air pollution on health and mortality have been established in a series of studies by researchers all over the world [1,2,3]
The effect of particulate matter (PM) on cardiovascular mortality was noted in Suwałki on lag 0 OR = 1.085 for PM2.5 and OR = 1.056 for PM10
Our study proved that PMs have an influence on cardiovascular mortality
Summary
The detrimental influence of air pollution on health and mortality have been established in a series of studies by researchers all over the world [1,2,3]. According to data from the Global Burden of Diseases 2017 Study, outdoor and indoor air pollution contributes to almost 5 million deaths per year [8]. Air pollution is a complex mixture of particles and gases that can be man-made (anthropogenic) as well as come from natural sources. Common air pollutants are carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM), lead (Pb), ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2). We can distinguish ultrafine particles with a diameter below 0.1 μm
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