The α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the dichloromethane extracts and constituents of Ferulago bracteata roots

Songül Karakaya,Sefa Gözcü,Zühal Güvenalp,Hilal Özbek,Hafize Yuca,Benan Dursunoğlu,Cavit Kazaz,Ceyda Sibel Kılıç

doi:10.1080/13880209.2017.1414857

Songül Karakaya, Sefa Gözcü + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2017.1414857

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Abstract

Context: Ferulago (Apiaceae) species have been used since ancient times for the treatment of intestinal worms, hemorrhoids, and as a tonic, digestive, aphrodisiac, or sedative, as well as in salads or as a spice due to their special odors.Objectives: This study reports the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of dichloromethane extract and bioactive compounds isolated from Ferulago bracteata Boiss. & Hausskn. roots.Materials and methods: The isolated compounds obtained from dichloromethane extract of Ferulago bracteata roots through bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation process were evaluated for their in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities at 5000–400 µg/mL concentrations. Compound structures were elucidated by detailed analyses (NMR and MS).Results: A new coumarin, peucedanol-2′-benzoate (1), along with nine known ones, osthole (2), imperatorin (3), bergapten (4), prantschimgin (5), grandivitinol (6), suberosin (7), xanthotoxin (8), felamidin (9), umbelliferone (10), and a sterol mixture consisted of stigmasterol (11), β-sitosterol (12) was isolated from the roots of F. bracteata. Felamidin and suberosin showed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50 0.42 and 0.89 mg/mL, respectively) when compared to the reference standard acarbose (IC50 4.95 mg/mL). However, none of the tested extracts were found to be active on α-amylase inhibition.Discussion and conclusions: The present study demonstrated that among the compounds isolated from CH2Cl2 fraction of F. bracteata roots, coumarins were determined as the main chemical constituents of this fraction. This is the first report on isolation and characterization of the bioactive compounds from root extracts of F. bracteata and on their α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.

Highlights

Methanol extract of the roots of F. bracteata was fractionated using solvents with different polarities (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol) and the obtained fractions were evaluated for their a-amylase and a-glucosidase inhibitory activities
The active dichloromethane extract was subjected to column chromatography over silica gel and Sephadex LH-20
A new coumarin, peucedanol-20-benzoate (1), together with nine known ones, osthole (2) (Sajjadi et al 2009), imperatorin (3) (Muller et al 2004), bergapten (4) (Stevenson et al 2003), prantschimgin (5) (Sajjadi et al 2015), grandivitinol (6) (Abyshev et al 1977), suberosin (7) (Tabanca et al 2016), xanthotoxin (8) (Stevenson et al 2003), felamidin (Kilic et al 2006) (9), umbelliferone (10) (Singh et al 2010), and a sterol mixture consisted of stigmasterol (11), b-sitosterol (12) (Woldeyes et al 2012) (Figure 1) were isolated and identified

Summary

Introduction

(Apiaceae) is represented by approximately 50 taxa throughout the world and 35 taxa in Turkey, 18 of which are endemic. Anatolia is considered to be the gene center of this genus (Gu€ner et al 2012). Is an endemic perennial species, grown only in Gaziantep, Southeastern Anatolia, Turkey (Pesmen 1972; Troia et al 2012). Ferulago species have been used in folk medicine for their aphrodisiac, digestive, tonic, sedative, antiseptic, carminative, and vermifuge properties as well as for the treatment of hemorrhoids, ulcers, snake bites, spleen diseases and headaches (Boulus 1983; Demetzos et al 2000). They have been consumed as salad or spice due to their special odor, as food for goats and deer (Erdurak 2003)

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