Abstract
The pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of various high-yield charcoals manufactured in a process development unit were studied by thermogravimetry (TG), thermogravimetry−mass spectrometry (TG-MS), and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). Charcoals resulting from two runs with a macadamia nutshell feedstock and one run with a eucalyptus wood feedstock are compared. The peculiarities of devolatilization, oxygen gasification (temperature-programmed combustion), and the formation of nitrogen oxides are discussed. Small sample sizes (0.2−4 mg) were employed to minimize the effects of heat and mass transfer limitations; nevertheless the results offered a reliable characterization of kilograms of charcoal. Samples produced in different runs or taken from different parts of the reactor behaved similarly with only minor differences that we attribute to reactor inhomogeneities and variations in feedstock composition. In the presence of oxygen, two partial processes were detected. The lower temperat...
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