Abstract
Characteristic differences are described between textures of uniaxial liquid crystals, comparing systems with a two-dimensional translational periodicity, e.g., middle soap, systems with a one-dimensional periodicity, e.g., neat soap and smectic A, and nematic liquid crystals which have only orientational order. It is pointed out how the textures are correlated to structural order and that characteristic differences in textures reflect characteristic differences in structure. Studies on myelin figures are reported and a theory is suggested to explain their formation and their tendency to coil. The explanation is based on the assumption that the lamellae have an intrinsic curvature caused by a concentration gradient. On the same basis the stability of cylindrical vesicles is discussed to explain an experimentally observed decay of cylindrical structures to strings of spheres.
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