Textile Antenna with Electromagnetic Band Gap Structure at Frequency 3.5 GHz 5G Band

Abstract

The Microstrip textile antenna is a form of wireless communication for human monitoring purpose that can be integrated with clothing while maintaining user comfort. However, microstrip antennas have several disadvantages such as low gain and efficiency, narrow bandwidth and surface waves that can damage the radiation pattern. The use of textile antennas also allows a mutual coupling effect between the body and the antenna that can change the resonance frequency, reduce antenna performance, and radiation hazard to the body. Based on these problems, an Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structure is used with a unit cell in the shape of a Mushroom-like EBG and a via in the middle of the EBG. The use of the EBG structure can increase efficiency, reduce the effect of mutual coupling, create a better radiation pattern, and reduce radiation hazard to the body. Tests were carried out on antennas with and without EBG structures in the bandwidth range of 10–100 MHz for the 5G Band operating frequency of 3.5 GHz (n78 3500 MHz). In the 0 mm SAR test, the conventional antenna SAR is 2.4264 W/Kg, and the modified EBG antenna SAR is 1.082 W/Kg, there is a 55% reduction in SAR when the EBG structure is added. Thus, it is proven that the addition of EBG with modifications in this study can produce a minimum SAR value..In addition, there is an increase in bandwidth of 92% with the Conventional Antenna bandwidth of 27.30 MHz and the Modified EBG Antenna bandwidth and 52.50 MHz DGS with the test object on Hand. In the radiation parameters, the radiation pattern is unidirectional, linear polarization, and gain is 8.32 dBi.