Abstract
We study the gravitational corrections to the Maxwell, Dirac, and Klein-Gordon theories in the large extra dimension model in which the gravitons propagate in the $(4+n)$-dimensional bulk, while the gauge and matter fields are confined to the four-dimensional world. The corrections to the two-point Green's functions of the gauge and matter fields from the exchanges of virtual Kaluza-Klein gravitons are calculated in the gauge independent background field method. In the framework of effective field theory, we show that the modified one-loop renormalizable Lagrangian due to quantum gravitational effects contains a TeV scale Lee-Wick partner of every gauge and matter field as extra degrees of freedom in the theory. Thus the large extra dimension model of gravity provides a natural mechanism for the emergence of these exotic particles which were recently used to construct an extension of the standard model.
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