Abstract
Cnidium officinale is an important medicinal crop grown in Asia for its pharmacological properties. In this study, tetraploid breeding was conducted to increases the content of medicinal compound and tolerance to the environmental conditions using in vitro shoot culture of C. officinale. For this, we generated tetraploid C. officinale plants using oryzalin, a chromosome doubling agent, and compared the morphological traits, cytological characteristics, and heat stress-responsive gene expression levels between tetraploid and diploid genotypes. Chromosome doubling efficiency was the highest in plantlets treated with 4.0 mg∙L−1 oryzalin for 2 days. Compared with diploids, the plant height of tetraploids was reduced, while the petiole diameter was increased by approximately 39%. The dry matter of tetraploid leaves was significantly higher than that of diploid leaves. Compared with diploids, tetraploids showed higher chloroplast number and stomatal complex size but lower chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. The phenolic content of tetraploid plantlets was significantly higher than that of diploid plantlets. Contents of naringin as well as salicylic acid and gentisic acid, which are strong antioxidant compounds, were dramatically increased upon tetraploidization. Interestingly, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analyses revealed increased levels of senkyunolide F and phthalide in tetraploid roots but not in tetraploid or diploid leaves.
Highlights
Cnidium officinale Makino (Apiaceae) is a perennial plant cultivated in East Asia [1]
No tetraploids were induced when a drop of oryzalin was directly applied to the shoot tip of in vitro cultured plantlets
A 2C peak was observed in approximately 1.5 × 106 cells in the phycoerythrinAgronomy 20A21, (1P1,E15-A61) fluorescence channel, and 4C and 8C peaks were observed in 3 × 106 and 6 × 106 cells, respectively
Summary
Cnidium officinale Makino (Apiaceae) is a perennial plant cultivated in East Asia [1]. High temperature is a typical stressor that inhibits plant growth and production by affecting photosynthesis, causing leaf senescence and reducing fruit development [8]. Sustaining crop yield by mitigating the effect of high temperature using different technologies and management systems is difficult [9]; various breeding strategies and methods have been developed to generate heat-tolerant cultivars, such as individual selection, polyploid induction, and transformation [9,10,11]. In C. officinale, an efficient breeding method is needed for the development of a new high-temperature tolerant cultivar that contains more functional metabolites than the existing cultivars
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
