Abstract
FOR many years, the dangers and inadequacies of heterologous tetanus antitoxin have beclouded the acceptance and use of this product for emergency prophylaxis against tetanus. Hence a variety of efforts have been made to find an effective substitute. With the development of efficient and reproducible techniques for fractionation and concentration of human γ-globulin, it became possible to prepare a homologous tetanus antitoxin derived from human plasma. Several papers have described such preparations made from the plasma of donors hyperimmunized with tetanus toxoid. 1-3 However, it was apparent from the beginning that the amount of antitoxin that could be obtained in this fashion would be far below the demand. Therefore, in 1959 Johannes Ipsen, MD, then superintendent of the Institute of Laboratories, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, suggested that all incoming blood donations might be screened by the passive hemagglutination method for plasma tetanus antitoxin titer, and that the ones of
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