Testosterone deficiency in testicular germ-cell cancer patients is not influenced by oncological treatment

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate prospectively the prevalence of testosterone deficiency (TD) in patients with testicular germ-cell cancer (TGCC) using longitudinal data. A total of 376 TGCC patients were evaluated for serum testosterone levels before, during and after the following therapies: cisplatin-based polychemotherapy, carboplatin monotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery only. Complete serial hormone analyses were performed on 160 patients (age: 33.8±9.1years, mean±SD). All patients received treatment according to the guidelines of the 'German Testicular Cancer Study Group' and the 'European Germ Cell Cancer Consensus Group' or within studies performed by the 'European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer' and the 'Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft'. Main outcome measurements were sexual hormone profiles over time. Statistical analysis of 1831 testosterone serum levels over time revealed a persistent TD in 23.9% of seminoma and 26.2% of non-seminoma patients. TD was associated with subnormal residual testicular volumes (<12mL). In conclusion, TD rates are high in testis cancer patients. This is present at primary diagnosis and most likely related to testicular dysgenesis or atrophy. Our longitudinal evaluation indicates that treatment modalities have minor influence and effect on the persistently high rates of TD in TGCC patients.